Xian History

Xi'an, ancient to call Chang An, claim the west city, west Beijing, large Xingcheng, Jingzhao city, Fengyuan city, etc. it is with respect, founds a capital in the dynasty in the longest city at most, lasts in China's history. attain on Western Zhou Dynasty in great prosperity from slave to peak Tang WangChao of the state to feudal society, successively have Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin, Western Han Dynasty, Xin, XiJin Dynasty (Min emperor), QianZhao, QianQin, HouQin, Xiwei, Beizhou, Sui, Tang and so 12 pieces build at hereand has1100 years long. Chimei, Lulin, Daqi, Dashun peasant uprising capital of regime once. At the end from the about 11th century B.C. to the 9th century of the Christian era, Xi'an has been the ancient Chinese political, economic and cultural centre for a long time, and always been local administrative organ - -State, prefecture, office, way, province and Chang An, Xianning two seats of local government of county. In most dynasties, Xi'an belongs to one grade of organizational system in the prefectures, offices - Beijing promise office(prefecture) area under one's jurisdiction, change Beijing promise for Anxi road (change to Fengyuan way), reign of Ming Emperor Hongwu abolish Fengyuan road and set up the office of Xi'an two year (A.D. 1369 ), Xi'an gains the name therefrom promptly. A.D. 582, King Wen of Sui Dynasty issue the order Xi'an buildDaXingcheng of southeast of Han Changan city that today Xi'an city. Tang towards rename as Chang An, Sui and Tang dynasties Chang An construction of city, turn on King Wen of Sui Dynasty emperor begin in 2 years (A.D. 582 ), finished in Tang Gaoong Yongwei five year (A.D. 654 ), last 72 years. Urban area is 84.1 sq. km., overall arrangement is planned neatly, and the things are strict and symmetrical, assign to palace city, imperial city and three major parts of wide city outside. The structural overall arrangement in the city has fully reflected the mighty daring of period of feudal society summit, have epoch-making influence in history of Chinese architecture, urban history. In period of democratic revolution of the old type, the people in Xi'an rise to fight in order to overthrow moribund and reactionary Qing Government. Qing Tongzhi first year peaceful army Chendecai besiege Xi'an (1862 year ) , defeat Qing army on three trillion, Duqu and other places, sow the kindling material of the armed uprising in Xi'an area. The Huis in Shaanxi rise in revolt and break out subsequently. Qing Tongzhi the west rotate army enter Shan (1866), east suburb Shilipu defeat the Qing army in Xi'an. These extensive peasant's uprising wars, rise in revolt and respond to and cooperate with each other across a great distance with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of the South, have shaken and shaken the governance in the Northwest of Qing Dynasty.
1911, the 1911 Revolution is after breaking out in Wuchang, Xi'an is one of the provincial capitals of getting up early and revolution of responding the most. Shaanxi revolutionary partisan with Gelaohui unite, until October 22 mobilize, rise in revolt, fight fiercely, control Xi'an by two day, have not merely overthrow the governance in Shanxi of Qing Dynasty, has supported Wuchang to rise in revolt effectively, have broken the dream that Qing Dynasty attempted to attack in retaliation with headquarter in the Northwest, and had promoted the arrival of the revolutionary climax of the North.
In 1919, the May Fourth Movement opened the prelude of new-democratic revolution. News introduces to Xi'an, patriotic students rise to respond, demonstration, the organization lectures, arouse people, propagate and resist the Japanese goods, establish Shanxi student's federation, select and appoint representative go to the capital, present a petition, raise a cry of warning " student of our Shanxi, it is patriotic to be called usually, hold the banner of an army fighting a just war high, what descendant! Raise one's arm and get up, swear to do the shield brhind the students of Beijing; Ascend a height number breathe out, call people loyal". The student movement in Xi'an has responded and supported the student movement in Beijing effectively.
In the first climax of new-democratic revolution from 1924 to 1927, support Sunzhongshan revolutionary national army of regime evict warlord from Shanxi by China by LiuZhenhua on 1925, control Xi'an. October of 1925. The first Communist Party of China of Xi'an organizes - Communist Party of China special branch was born. When the Northern Warlords attack to the national army in retaliation, LiuZhenHua rate Zhenhao army besiege Xi'an for 8 months. Xi'an army and the people until LiHuChen, YangHuCheng leaded, overcome whom food shortage run out of food and fuel seriously difficult, rise to resist, life-and-death struggle, keep this revolutionary position of Xi'an.. When the Northern Expedition is advanced to Central China area, the allied forces of national army garrison in Xi'an. Under the efforts of Communist Party of China partisan's cooperation with personage of the Left of the Kuomintang, the revolutionary moves of Xi'an area surge forward. Will it be the beginning 1927, Communist Liuhanchu, Shikexuan, DengXiaoping, etc, establish Zhongshan institute and Zhongshan military school in Xi'an, train large quantities of revolutionary backbones. Near Xi'an peasant sport rise vigorously too, leave brilliant chapter at China modern revolutionary history. "Nine.One eight "the Northeast occupied behind the incident, Japanese militarism presses forward steadily, step up the invasion of China. Live or die by critical moment not taking place in nationality, on December 12 1936, patriotic Zhangxueliang, YangHuCheng put national cardinal principles of righteousness first, launch "Xi'an incident" that shock the world resolutely, lie between to Jiangjieshi implement the armed remonstrance, require "stops the civil war, identical externally". This kind is full of hearty great spirits patriotically, has inspired the national spirit that national people save the nation from subjugation and ensure its survival effectively. The peaceful resolution of the incident of Xi'an, promote the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, establish the foundation for resisting against Japan in the whole national unity, become great turn of China's modern history. In Anti-Japanese War period, Communist Party of China local organization and staff member of office in Xi'an of Eighth Route Army in Xi'an overcome the very heavy obstacle, consolidating and expanding national united front of resist against Japan constantly, make important contribution triumphantly for Anti-Japanese War.